Revision for MasterTutor
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Business Option 1
You seem to be addressing three cultures who use book keeping practices and strategies: 1.Ancient people (Egyptians in this case) 2. 19th century/ 20th Century archaeologists (who excavated Egyptian ruins in this case) 3. Modern bookkeepers in general.
Please also see below comments for clarification and revision.
Starter question: Ensure your thesis addresses all parts of it. Discuss the artifact record keeping strategies and practices of archaeologists and excavators in comparison to modern day bookkeeping strategies and practices for businesses. For example those of the Hypostyle Hall or ancient Greek Parthenon. [[I have made some suggestions below on how to include this.]]
The weaving of past techniques with those of the current day become a little confusing in the first paragraph. Consider how to organize the paragraphs and information with the paragraphs for better clarity to reflect the 3 chronological cultures’ use of bookkeeping you address in thesis.
~”But” “And” are not typically used to begin sentences
(indent)Traditionally, ancient people depended on ancient image and text based record keeping strategies and practices to maintain their data and statistics in stone. These methods had unique capabilities like longevity and preservation, which later archaeologists recording site excavations of their information faced challenges in recording, such as those working on the Egyptian pyramids, and today record keeping processes have now emerged into something[[?]] that which has a very significant value in the business world when it comes to preserving data. However, these methods of record keeping are prone to storage issues as well as preservation technicalities. Changes in technology have made them virtually obsolete. Modern bookkeeping strategies are having the nod[[the meaning of this is not clear]]. Artifact record keeping strategies and practices have been relatively reliable for ages, but differ significantly from modern methods due to the introduction of newer technologies; modern bookkeeping methods in business are much different and more reliable.
First, ancient people recorded their lives ……….[[describe ways in which the ancient Egyptians recorded their culture, their grain records, their family lineage, their beliefs, etc. and what forms this took- stone relief records with images and hieroglyphics, etc.]] Artifact record keeping strategies and practices have been very instrumental in preserving historical events and royalty, such as, the display of ancient royal monuments such as the Narmer Palette, which was carved approximately 3100 years before Christ served as identical royal costumes and poses which were embraced by several rulers later (Amy).[[MLA—correct all]] They can thus be used to preserve heritage. Secondly, these forms of record keeping ensured of the reliable longevity of records. [[[the placement of this is a little confusing --Remember that in our era, if we{?—correct all} hear that a certain record has lasted over ten years we get excited. But{?} this is the case with artifact record keeping strategies. Some like monuments and church designs are still evident today, although they might have lost part of their decorations (Valerie).]]] A good example of how archaeological and artifact record keeping helps in achieving longevity is the pyramids of Giza (Valerie). These pyramids have been in existence for very many years and thus forms part of the culture of Egyptians to date. One of the artifacts that are a good example of how they kept record is Jemdet Nasr cuneiform clay tablets; these were used as accounting ledgers for tallying goods and possessions. They date back to Jemdet Nasr period in Sumeria between 3200 and 3101 BC. (CCHAG)[[clarify the relationship you are making between Mesopotamia Sumerian cuneiform tablets and Egypt here first]]
[[good placement for #2]] On the other hand, there are inherent limitations of aArchaeological record keeping strategies and practices. For instance, artifact record keeping strategies and practices are time consuming. An archeologist spent ten times the amount of time spent on an excavation in record keeping mostly on books (CAA, 2016). In fact, the record keeping work begins when the archaeologist not only digs, but looks into the earth’s surface. Some of the information that has to be filed by archeologists is research proposals, field notes, maps and actual measurements taken. Artifact record keeping strategies and practices are also cumbersome and highly involving. You can imagine everything an archeology does must actually be written down and precisely and clearly recorded. This is very vital because archaeologists usually abolishes most of the sites they investigate. All the artifacts collected should also be properly cleaned and preserved. All the layer by layer excavated materials and evidence cannot be replaced and should therefore be found in the archaeological records if properly stored and preserved since they keep all aspects of the work (CAA, 2016). Finally, Artifact record keeping strategies and practices have difficulties in preserving against agents of weather and climate like rain, earthquakes among others.[[I suggest using the course material to helps support this area of your essay]]
There are several records that are kept by archaeologists. One of them is field notes records. These are contained day to day excavation and exploration work. They contain information, such as measurements taken, tests done and the general work. Another record is soil layer forms and features records. Here the information recorded is specific squares found useful, labelling of layers, layer descriptions, date and suitable drawings. A third record may contain artifact records. They are cleaned, and then preserved. Another significant shortcoming of Artifact record keeping strategies and practices is that they consume a lot of space and some artifacts need special preservation to remain relevant (CAA, 2016).
Good modern book bookkeeping strategies in business can enable one to maintain and keep very accurate as well as updated records for a wide range of range of uses. Some of these uses include analysis of business activities, soliciting funding, attracting investors, lodging and remitting taxes and meeting set reporting obligations as well. The modern business law, several records is needed. There are both old and emerging technologies and innovations of software to ease and improve the efficiency of book keeping in business. One of the old technologies is double entry book keeping in accounting, which helped in developing trial balance to prove good arithmetical accuracy of records to develop an accurate balance sheet (Carruthers, 31-69). Modern bookkeeping software such as QuickBooks, SaaS, and data tools like the Informatics and the IBM help the business to save both time and money and ensure ease of customization (Sun, et al). These types of software provide us with tools that can automatically analyze and calculate most of the data for us hence requiring less manual work. If one spent as much time bookkeeping as they did earlier, then it would cost business a lot of time, cost, and resources. (Felicia 192-196) [[well done for topic #3]]
From the above discussion, we can see that although artifact record keeping strategies and practices are good for keeping certain records, bookkeeping alleviates most of the limitations associated with traditional record keeping techniques and practices. Modern book keeping strategies and techniques such as QuickBooks save time and space and is easy to store, retrieve and modify.
~After revisions then clarify your conclusion. The conclusion should summarize without excessively repeating or introducing any new information. A good rule of thumb is to summarize each paragraph with a detailed and specific sentence and place within the conclusion paragraph- as it directly relates to the argument being made in your thesis.
References Works Cited (format all in MLA))
CAA, (2016). Information about Archaeology. Retrieved from: http://canadianarchaeology.com/caa/archcanada/chapter5/AC-Ch5-Record.html((did I approve this source?))
Carruthers, Bruce G., and Wendy Nelson Espeland. "Accounting for rationality: Double-entry bookkeeping and the rhetoric of economic rationality." American journal of Sociology (1991): 31-69.((well done))
Dr. Amy Calvert. “Ancient Egypt”. pdf. ((needs MLA formatting))
Felicia, Sabou. "Advantages and Disadvantages of Applying Evolved Methods in Management Accounting Practice." Annals-Economy Series 2 (2014): 192-196.((well done))
Pyramid of Khafre at Giza, c. 2520-2494. Photo: Dr Amy Calvert, CC BY –NC ((needs MLA formatting))
Sun, Wei, et al. Software as a service: An integration perspective. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. ((needs MLA formatting))
Valerie Spanswick. "Church Architecture". pdf. ((needs MLA formatting))
CCHAG. "Iraq Significant Site 040 - Jemdet Nasr [ancient: Niru (?)]." The COCOM Cultural Heritage Action Group. CCHAG, n.d. Web. ((needs MLA formatting))