Community Health: Study Guide 3

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HED 222 Study guide 3 chapters 9 - 12

Chapter 9

The number of elders in America and their proportion of the total population increased dramatically during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The majority of elders in the United States today are active and well, however there are a number of issues and concerns facing elders.

______________________________ is the study of a population and those variables bringing about change in the population.

The number of divorced elders will grow two to threefold presenting a new type of need, those who lack the retirement benefits, insurance, and net worth assets associated with being married.

The major source of income for elders is___________________________________.

In general, the majority of older Americans live in adequate, affordable housing. What percent are homeownders? __________

The primary impairments that affect elders are__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________, and _____________________________________________________

The health behaviors that can most affect the health of elders are healthy eating, exercise, and immunizations.

The two most important vaccinations are ____________________________________, and ______________________________

What percent of all elder abuse and neglect incidents are committed by family members? __________

Although most live at home, many elders are now living in assisted living facilities, retirement communities, and skill nursing homes.

__________________________ task such as eating, toileting, dressing, bathing, walking, and getting out of bed

to chair.

__________________________ one who helps identify the health care needs of an individual and also

personally performs the caregivers services.

__________________________ a community-sponsored nutrition program in which prepared meals are

delivered to elders in their homes, usually by volunteers.

___________________________ a person unable to leave home for normal activities

___________________________ planned short-term care, usually for the purpose of relieving a full-time

informal caregiver

Chapter 10

The United States is a country proud of its global leadership, its rich heritage, and cultural profile that has evolved as a result

of centuries worth of immigrants bringing with them their traditions, language, culinary preferences, and other customs,

however this has also brought about a debate that has often divided the nation.

The majority of Americans, 63%, identify themselves as “white, non-Hispanic.”

______________ refers to the categorization of parts of a population based on physical appearance due to particular historical social and political forces.

______________ refers to a subcultural group within a multicultural society. Membership in this group is usually based on a common national or tribal heritage.

Nearly all Americans of Hispanic origin are racially classified as _____________________________

The ________________________ population is one of the most rapidly growing ethnic groups in the United States, making then the largest minority group in the nation.

African Americans, or blacks, are people having origins in any of the black racial groups from _______________.

Asian-American populations are generally concentrated in the ________________________ states.

________________________________________ Americans have the highest high school completion rates as well as the highest median incomes as compared with all other racial and ethnic groups.

_______________________________________ is the term used for those people from Hawaii, Guam, and Samoa.

___________________________ a person who flees one area or country to seek shelter or protection from danger in another.

___________________________ individuals who migrate from one country to another for the purpose of seeking permanent residence.

___________________________ a person born in and owing allegiance to a country other than the one in which he lives.

_________________________________________ differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other adverse health conditions that exist among specific population groups.

Infant mortality data in the United States is characterized by a long-standing and serious disparity among racial and ethnic minorities.

Which group has the highest infant mortality rate? ______________________________________.

The prevalence of hypertension varies noticeably according to race/ethnicity, with the highest prevalence among

________________________________________________.

The literature suggest multiple causes for health disparities in the United States including economics, education, and behavioral factors.

Chapter 11

Mental illness is the leading cause of disability in North America and Europe, and costs the United States more than half a trillion dollars per year in treatment and other expenses.

________________________________ the state of successful performance of mental function, resulting in productive activities, fulfilling relationships with other people, and the ability to adapt to change and to cope with adversity

________________________________ health conditions characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress and/or impaired functioning

________________________________ an affective disorder characterized by a dysphoric mood, usually depression, or loss of interest or pleasure in almost all usual activities or pastimes.

The brain is very sensitive to stress, which is a significant cause of mental illness. Stress makes a person vulnerable to health problems including, hypertension, ulcers, skin disorders, depression, asthma, and coronary artery disease.

________________________________ an alarm reaction that prepares one physiologically for sudden action.

________________________________ surgical severance of nerve fibers of the brain by incision.

The appearance of __________________________________________and __________________________________________

In the 1950s made the widespread us of lobotomies unnecessary.

_________________________________________ method of treatment for mental disorders involving the administration of electric

current to induce a coma or convulsions.

_________________________________________ an affective disorder characterized by distinct periods of elevated mood alternating

with periods of depression

_________________________________________ treatment for mental illness that involves medications

_________________________________________ a treatment that involves verbal communication between the patient and a trained

Clinician

_________________________________________ intensive, individualized services with treatment and support by a team of

providers over an indefinite period of time

_________________________________________ a law passed in 2010 requiring individuals whose income is less than 133% of federal poverty line be eligible for Medicaid, with all plans covering mental and substance use disorders at parity with medical surgical benefits.

Chapter 12

More deaths, illnesses, and disabilities can be attributed to the abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs than to any other

preventable health condition. The economic cost of substance abuse in the United States is $621 billion per year. Clearly, the abuse of

alcohol and other drugs is one of America’s most expensive community and public health problems.

_____________________________ is the number one problem drug in America.

_____________________________ is the psychoactive and addictive drug present in tobacco products such as cigarettes, cigars,

smokeless or “spit” tobacco and pipe tobacco.

_____________________________ the most abused illicit drug in the United States

_____________________________ drugs that reduce pain and numb the senses

Cocaine is classified as a ______________________________

_____________________________________ an illicit drug produced in dangerous clandestine labs across the country

_____________________________________ drugs that are often used because they lower anxiety and inhibitions

_____________________________________ the most popular club drug

_____________________________________ the date rape drug

_____________________________________ the drug of choice for the young due to low cost and easy availability

Examples of school-based drug abuse prevention programs are ___________________________________________,

___________________________________________________, and ________________________________________

How can the use of prescription drugs become a risk to your health?