Digestive System
lbazzChapter 6
Additional Suffixes and Digestive System Terminology
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives
- Define new suffixes and use them with digestive system combining forms.
- List and explain laboratory tests, clinical procedures, and abbreviations common to the digestive system.
- Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper context, such as medical reports and records.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 6
Lesson 6.1
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Suffixes
- -ectasis, -ectasia
- -emesis
- -lysis
- -pepsia
- -phagia
- -plasty
- -ptosis
- -ptysis
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
- Which suffix(es) describe(s) a position?
- Which suffix(es) describe(s) a motion?
- Which suffix is used in a term that describes uncontrolled eating?
- Which suffixes are surgical?
- What is the difference between hematemesis and hemoptysis?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Suffixes (cont’d.)
- -rrhage, -rrhagia
- -rrhaphy
- -rrhea
- -spasm
- -stasis
- -stenosis
- -tresia
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
- Which suffixes also stand alone as a word?
- Which suffix describes a motion?
- Which suffix is used in a term that describes flow or discharge?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Suffixes (cont’d.)
- Suffixes that are also terms:
- emesis (emetic)
- lysis
- spasm
- stasis
- stenosis
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*
- Use two of these terms in a sentence.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
QUICK QUIZ:
1. Which term means difficulty in swallowing?
dysphasia
dysphagia
dysplasia
polyphagia
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
Correct answer is B, dysphagia. (a, dysphasia means difficulty speaking; c, dysplasia means abnormal formation or development; d,polyphagia means excessive appetite. See page 184 for more information.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
QUICK QUIZ:
2. Which term means to control or stop bleeding?
hemostasis
hematoma
hemoptysis
cholestasis
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*
Correct answer is A, hemostasis. See page 184 for more information.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms and Terminology
- bucc/o
- cec/o
- celi/o
- cheil/o
- chol/e
- cholangi/o
- cholecyst/o
- choledoch/o
- col/o
- colon/o
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*
- “Col/o” is commonly combined with another form. What is it? (colorectal)
- What is a cholecystectomy?
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- dent/i
- duoden/o
- enter/o
- esophag/o
- gastr/o
Combining Forms and Terminology (cont’d)
- gingiv/o
- gloss/o
- glyc/o
- hepat/o
- herni/o
- ile/o
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*
- Using the previous suffixes, combine forms to build terms.
- Which of these terms pertains to the liver?
- Which pertains to the tongue?
- Which terms refer to parts of the small intestine?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms and Terminology (cont’d)
- jejun/o
- labi/o
- lingu/o
- lip/o
- lith/o
- odont/o
- or/o
- palat/o
- pancreat/o
- proct/o
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
- Using the previous suffixes, combine forms to build terms.
- Which combining forms are not anatomical for a specific body part? (lip/o, lith/o)
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms and Terminology (cont’d)
- pylor/o
- rect/o
- sialaden/o
- splen/o
- steat/o
- stomat/o
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*
- What is sialadenitis?
- What is steatorrhea?
- What is stomatitis? (Many students believe this is for stomach.)
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
QUICK QUIZ:
3. Which term means enlarged liver?
acromegaly
cardiomegaly
hepatomegaly
hepatitis
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*
Correct answer is C hepatomegaly. See page 187 for more information.
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Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
- Laboratory Tests
- Liver function tests (LFTs): tests for enzymes and bilirubin in serum
- Stool culture: tests for microorganisms in stool
- Stool guaiac or Hemoccult test: detection of blood in feces
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*
- What is a screening test for colon cancer? How does it work?
- Describe the enzymes LFTs measure.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
QUICK QUIZ:
4. Which tests for the clear fluid that remains after blood has clotted (serum)?
stool guaiac
hemoccult
stool culture
LFT’s
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*
Correct answer is D LFTs---liver function tests which test for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in serum. See page 188 for more information.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
- Clinical Procedures
- X-rays
Lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)
Upper gastrointestinal series
Cholangiography
Computed tomography (CT scan)
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*
- Which test uses a contrast medium?
- In a cholangiography, how does the contrast material enter the body?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
Clinical Procedures
- Ultrasound Examination
abdominal ultrasonography
- Magnetic Resonance Techniques
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Radionuclide Studies
Liver scan
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*
- Which test is used to examine the gallbladder?
- Which test creates a scan of the liver?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
- Other Procedures
- Gastric bypass: reduces stomach size
- Gastrointestinal endoscopy: visual exam of the GI tract
- Liver biopsy: removal of liver tissue
- Nasogastric intubation: insertion of tube through the nose into stomach
- Paracentesis (abdominocentesis): puncture to remove fluid from abdomen
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
- Which procedure is a visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract?
- Which procedure removes fluid after surgery?
- Which procedure is also called gastrojejunostomy? What is this an example of? (anastomosis)
- Which procedure is used to pump out stomach contents?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
QUICK QUIZ:
5. Which procedure described as a surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen?
laparoscopy
laparotomy
abdominectomy
abdominocentesis
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*
Correct answer is D abdominocentesis---the suffix –centesis means to surgically puncture to remove fluid.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ABBREVIATIONS
- Alk phos: alkaline phosphatase
- ALT, AST: alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase
- BE: barium enema
- BRBPR: bright red blood per rectum
- BM: bowel movement
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
- Use three of these abbreviations in sentences.
- Identify suffixes learned in this chapter.
- What is the medical term for BRBPR? (hematochezia)
- Which is an imaging test?
- Which are laboratory tests?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- CT scan: computed tomography
- EGD: esophagogastroduodenoscopy
- ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
- GB: gallbladder
- GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease
ABBREVIATIONS
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What does tomography mean?
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- GI: gastrointestinal
- HBV: hepatitis B virus
- IBD: inflammatory bowel disease
- LFTs: liver function tests
ABBREVIATIONS
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*
- Which of these abbreviations are pathologies?
- What is the purpose of liver function tests?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- MRI: magnetic resonance imaging
- NG tube: nasogastric tube
- NPO: nothing by mouth
- PEG tube: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
ABBREVIATIONS
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*
What is the Latin term for “nothing by mouth”?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- PEJ tube: percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube
- PTHC: percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
- PUD: peptic ulcer disease
ABBREVIATIONS
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*
- What is the difference between the PEG tube and the PEJ tube?
- What are the probable locations of PUD? (stomach, duodenum)
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- SGOT, SGPT: enzyme tests of liver functions
- TPN: total parenteral nutrition
- T tube: tube placed in the biliary tract for drainage
ABBREVIATIONS
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
- Which enzymes are tested to detect liver disease?
- Which term describes intravenous nutrition? What is included in the formula?
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
REVIEW SUFFIXES
-ase _____________
-centesis _____________
-chezia _____________
-ectasia _____________
-ectasis _____________
-ectomy _____________
-emesis _____________
-emia _____________
-genesis _____________
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- -ase enzyme
- -centesis surgical puncture to remove fluid
- -chezia defecation; elimination of wastes
- -ectasia stretching; dilation; expansion
- -ectasis stretching; dilation; expansion
- -ectomy removal; excision; resection
- -emesis vomiting
- -emia blood condition
- -genesis producing; forming
REVIEW SUFFIXES
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
-graphy _____________
-iasis _____________
-lysis _____________
-megaly _____________
-orexia _____________
-pathy _____________
-pepsia _____________
-phagia _____________
REVIEW SUFFIXES
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- -graphy process of recording
- -iasis abnormal condition
- -lysis breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening
- -megaly enlargement
- -orexia appetite
- -pathy disease; emotion
- -pepsia digestion
- -phagia eating; swallowing
REVIEW SUFFIXES
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
-prandial _____________
-plasty _____________
-ptosis _____________
-ptysis _____________
-rrhage _____________
-rrhagia _____________
-rrhaphy _____________
-rrhea _____________
REVIEW SUFFIXES
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- -prandial meal
- -plasty surgical repair
- -ptosis droop; sag; prolapse; fall
- -ptysis spitting
- -rrhage bursting forth (of blood)
- -rrhagia bursting forth (of blood)
- -rrhaphy suture
- -rrhea flow; discharge
REVIEW SUFFIXES
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
-scopy _____________
-spasm _____________
-stasis _____________
-stenosis _____________
-stomy _____________
-tomy _____________
-tresia _____________
REVIEW SUFFIXES
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- -scopy visual examination
- -spasm sudden contraction of muscles
- -stasis stop; control; place
- -stenosis tightening; stricture
- -stomy new opening (to form a mouth)
- -tomy process of cutting
- -tresia opening
REVIEW SUFFIXES
Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
*
*
*
*
*
- Which suffix(es) describe(s) a position?
- Which suffix(es) describe(s) a motion?
- Which suffix is used in a term that describes uncontrolled eating?
- Which suffixes are surgical?
- What is the difference between hematemesis and hemoptysis?
*
- Which suffixes also stand alone as a word?
- Which suffix describes a motion?
- Which suffix is used in a term that describes flow or discharge?
*
- Use two of these terms in a sentence.
*
Correct answer is B, dysphagia. (a, dysphasia means difficulty speaking; c, dysplasia means abnormal formation or development; d,polyphagia means excessive appetite. See page 184 for more information.
*
Correct answer is A, hemostasis. See page 184 for more information.
*
- “Col/o” is commonly combined with another form. What is it? (colorectal)
- What is a cholecystectomy?
*
- Using the previous suffixes, combine forms to build terms.
- Which of these terms pertains to the liver?
- Which pertains to the tongue?
- Which terms refer to parts of the small intestine?
*
- Using the previous suffixes, combine forms to build terms.
- Which combining forms are not anatomical for a specific body part? (lip/o, lith/o)
*
- What is sialadenitis?
- What is steatorrhea?
- What is stomatitis? (Many students believe this is for stomach.)
*
Correct answer is C hepatomegaly. See page 187 for more information.
*
- What is a screening test for colon cancer? How does it work?
- Describe the enzymes LFTs measure.
*
Correct answer is D LFTs---liver function tests which test for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in serum. See page 188 for more information.
*
- Which test uses a contrast medium?
- In a cholangiography, how does the contrast material enter the body?
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
- Which test is used to examine the gallbladder?
- Which test creates a scan of the liver?
*
- Which procedure is a visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract?
- Which procedure removes fluid after surgery?
- Which procedure is also called gastrojejunostomy? What is this an example of? (anastomosis)
- Which procedure is used to pump out stomach contents?
*
Correct answer is D abdominocentesis---the suffix –centesis means to surgically puncture to remove fluid.
*
*
*
*
*
- Use three of these abbreviations in sentences.
- Identify suffixes learned in this chapter.
- What is the medical term for BRBPR? (hematochezia)
- Which is an imaging test?
- Which are laboratory tests?
*
What does tomography mean?
*
- Which of these abbreviations are pathologies?
- What is the purpose of liver function tests?
*
What is the Latin term for “nothing by mouth”?
*
- What is the difference between the PEG tube and the PEJ tube?
- What are the probable locations of PUD? (stomach, duodenum)
*
- Which enzymes are tested to detect liver disease?
- Which term describes intravenous nutrition? What is included in the formula?
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*