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Running head: A DRAFT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM

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Nickflor Jean

Professors John Isenhour

Chamberlain University

HUMN303N-62360

8/19/2018

Running head: A DRAFT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM

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Industrial Revolution and the Rise of Capitalism

Introduction

The Industrial Revolution, which took place in the 18th and 19th centuries was

possibly the vital change in the history of humankind. It led to a turning point in the

manufacturing sector. Most countries turned from agriculturally based to industrial based

and produced a variety of goods in industries. Manufacturing turned from craftsmanship

to commercialism and thus increased output while decreasing the costs of production and

thus increasing the supply of goods on the market. Counties were able to produce more

for the consumption of their people and even of the export markets. The mass production

that came as a result of industrialization led to capitalism which led to the promotion of

wealth distribution among people. It led to the migration of people from the rural areas to

the capital cities in search of industrial jobs in the manufacturing companies (Hartwell,

1971). The rise of industrial revolution led to many changes including housing,

technological advancements, social and cultural changes, use of new materials in

industries and the introduction of new machinery among others.

Industrial Revolution

Steam and Coal

Industrial development was slow during the 1700s because of limited sources of

power and energy. Old technologies or source of power such as waterwheels, horsepower

and windmills were used to drive heavy machinery, coal pumping and textile mills. The

changes in steam technology revolutionized the situation as industries and factories could

get sufficient sources of energy. The first steam engine was unveiled in 1712 by Thomas

JOHN ISENHOUR
98440000000072591
Good thesis.

Running head: A DRAFT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM

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Newcomen which was driven by the piston engine. More inventions of steam engines

followed rapidly in that century. By 1800, there were more than 2000 seam engines at

work. During the industrial revolution, there were inventions in iron manufacturing,

which allowed the manufacture of durable metallic implements. There was also the use of

steam engines to help in the mining of coal.

The rise of factories

Before the inception of the industrial revolution, textile workers weaved threads

to cloth in their homes. In1979, Richard Arkwright, who had invented the water frame

patented it. The machine allowed a large scale spinning to occur at the same time. It made

it necessary to produce more thread and thus more clothes at the same time. James

Hargreaves late discovered the "spinning jenny" which also transformed the spinning of

cotton. The advance in technology further improved the weaving process. In the 1780s,

Edmund Cartwright developed the power loom, led to the mass production of light

clothes which were also cheap and desired in Britain and other parts of the world. The

introduction of steam technology also led to increased energy that helped in the driving of

machinery in the industries (Vries, 1994).

The introduction of these many technologies led to the rise of factories. Industrial

factories used a central source of energy to drive the array of machines at their disposal.

These factories employed many people, from the young to the old. The young ones

helped in simple work such as spinning in the weaving industries. New steam engines

enabled Mathew Boulton and James Watt to establish metal and foundry works factories

in Soho, Birmingham. These factories employed more than 1000 people and they

produced a host of items including buttons, boxes and buckles.

JOHN ISENHOUR
98440000000072591
The material in this paragraph and the previous one is not common knowledge. The source of the information should be cited early and clearly.

Running head: A DRAFT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM

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Most of the factories were a hell to work in for many workers. The workplace was

harmful and dangerous to an extent that some of them were compared to prisons or

barracks. Factory owners induced harsh disciplinary measures to the factory workers

making their stay difficulty. Children from orphanages, or from workhouses were sent to

work in the factories under dusty and hot conditions. The children worked for long hours

and they often crawled between fast moving machines.

Improvements in Transport

There was a growing demand for coal after the1750 and the owners of mines had

to devise new ways of making sure that their products reached the market. Most mines

were close to rivers but because of the unpredictable tides and weather, it became hard to

rely on them. Thy developed canals which were more reliant and predictable. The use of

roads was a nightmare especially during the winter because of poor maintenance. The

roads were always flooded during the rainy season and impassable. The journeys took a

long time and were most uncomfortable. The industrial revolution led to the development

and maintenance of more roads to facilitate faster transportation of raw materials and

gods to the market (White, 2009).

The Rise of Capitalism

Capitalism was a precursor of the industrial revolution. The development of

technology was as a result of wealth accumulation by individuals which was facilitated

by capitalism. At the time, markets did not have the restrictions like there is today

making it easy for inventions to take place. It also resulted in labor movements, the

creation of Marxism ideology and market regulations. These developments were as a

Running head: A DRAFT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM

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result of the difficulties the workers were experiencing. Workers in the industries desired

better working conditions, improved pay and less working hours. The success of

capitalism and the rise of industrial revolution necessitated the need for regulations to

improve the working conditions, and work environment. It also helped in fixing the

working hours, in that people today do not work for day and night.

During the industrial revolution, there was a form of capitalism called industrial

capitalism. It allowed the amassing large amounts of wealth and later investment in

factories and machinery. It also allowed the creation of markets where people could buy

goods that they were unable to produce. This, therefore, resulted in the capitalism of the

world. Capitalism also helped in the production of agricultural goods for commercial

purposes rather than for subsistence use. Capitalism had a lot of influence on the society.

For instance, it led to the creation of monopolies who controlled entire industries while

other markets were controlled by a few traders. It also led to competition in the markets

so as to satisfy customer needs and wants (Woodall, 2014.

Conclusion

The industrial revolution and the rise of capitalism had a lot of effects on the

world. Today, there are revolutions among women which came about as a result of the

industrial revolution. Women were used to doing traditional jobs and house chores but

the inventions that were marked by the industrial revolution and capitalism facilitated the

revolution amongst them and they were able to start working in industries. The

development of towns as a result of the industrial revolution was also a key factor. Small

towns grew too big cities making life leading to migrations from villages to towns.

JOHN ISENHOUR
98440000000072591
Good beginning to the discussion on the industrial revolution and Capitalism. Continue to develop your ideas about how they are connected. Make sure that the source of all historical information is clear at all times as the citations come too late in the paper as it is.

Running head: A DRAFT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM

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References

Hartwell, R.M. (1971). The Industrial Revolution and Economic Growth, Methuen and

Co., page 339–341 ISBN 0-416-19500-8

Vries, J.D. (1994). The Industrial Revolution and the Industrious Revolution. The Journal

of Economic History, Vol. 54, No. 2 Pp 249 – 263. PDF. ISSN 0022-0507

White, M. (2009). The Industrial Revolution. Retrieved From

https://www.bl.uk/georgian-britain/articles/the-industrial-revolution

Woodall, S. (2014). The Industrial Revolution and Its Effects on Capitalism. Retrieved

From https://prezi.com/-evas1mrwhvx/the-industrial-revolution-and-its-effects-

on-capitalism/

JOHN ISENHOUR
98440000000072591
Remove hyperlinks from URLs.4
JOHN ISENHOUR
98440000000072591
This is not an academic source and should not be used. The best way to find scholarly, academic sources is by searching the Chamberlain Online Library. You can access the library through our course's webpage.
JOHN ISENHOUR
98440000000072591
Check APA rules for capitalization in article titles. Only the first word in the title, the first word after a colon, and proper nouns are capitalized. None are in ALL CAPS or quotation marks.Titles of journals are italicized. Titles of articles are not.