SOC 100 MIDTERM EXAM PART 1
olufunmilolaQuestion 1
Patterned social arrangements that have an enabling or constraining effect on agency are referred to as:
[removed] | Structure | |
[removed] | Institutions | |
[removed] | Free will | |
[removed] | Socialization |
Question 2
_____ is considered the first female sociologist and argued that injustices such as slavery and women’s inequality stunted a society’s moral development.
[removed] | Auguste Comte | |
[removed] | Émile Durkheim | |
[removed] | Karl Marx | |
[removed] | Harriet Martineau |
Question 3
Formal organizations characterized by written rules, hierarchical authority, and a paid staff, intended to promote organizational efficiency, are referred to as:
[removed] | Institutions | |
[removed] | Universities | |
[removed] | Bureaucracies | |
[removed] | Government |
Question 4
The relationship between agency and structure is _____, as ______.
[removed] | one-sided, agency influences structure | |
[removed] | one-sided, structure enables or constrains agency | |
[removed] | reciprocal, they both have an effect on one another | |
[removed] | nonexistent, there is no relationship between the two |
Question 5
Accepted social behaviors and beliefs are referred to as:
[removed] | Norms | |
[removed] | Culture | |
[removed] | Social status | |
[removed] | Values |
Question 6
The bonds that unite the members of a social group is referred to as:
[removed] | Culture | |
[removed] | Social solidarity | |
[removed] | Norms | |
[removed] | Societal unity |
Question 7
_____ believed that nearly all known societies are characterized by some system of division by economic class, which results in conflict as classes compete for wealth, power, and resources.
[removed] | Auguste Comte | |
[removed] | Émile Durkheim | |
[removed] | Karl Marx | |
[removed] | Harriet Martineau |
Question 8
The ability to evaluate claims about truth by using reason and evidence is referred to as:
[removed] | Critical thinking | |
[removed] | Sociological imagination | |
[removed] | Scientific reasoning | |
[removed] | Logical thought |
Question 9
The ability of individuals and groups to exercise free will and to make social change is referred to as:
[removed] | Structure | |
[removed] | Agency | |
[removed] | Free choice | |
[removed] | Individualism |
Question 10
A researcher finds that as income increases, square footage of respondent’s home also increases. This is an example of:
[removed] | Positive correlation | |
[removed] | Positive causation | |
[removed] | Negative correlation | |
[removed] | Increasatory relationship |
Question 11
A variable is defined as:
[removed] | The description of a relationship | |
[removed] | A phenomena that is constantly changing | |
[removed] | A term used to summarize a set of phenomena | |
[removed] | A concept that can take on two or more possible values |
Question 12
A _____ relationship is one in which one variable is the cause of another variable.
[removed] | Correlated | |
[removed] | Causal | |
[removed] | Positive | |
[removed] | Statistical |
Question 13
The degree to which two or more variables are associated with one another is referred to as:
[removed] | Causation | |
[removed] | Statistical relationship | |
[removed] | Correlation | |
[removed] | Frequency |
Question 14
_____ reasoning starts from specific data and tries to identify larger patterns from which to derive more general theories.
[removed] | Logical | |
[removed] | Inductive | |
[removed] | Ground-level | |
[removed] | Deductive |
Question 15
A researcher finds that as years spent driving increases, the number of accidents decreases. This is an example of:
[removed] | Negative causation | |
[removed] | Negative correlation | |
[removed] | Positive correlation | |
[removed] | Decreasing relationship |
Question 16
The term used to summarize a set of phenomena is:
[removed] | Definition | |
[removed] | Concept | |
[removed] | Operationalization | |
[removed] | Pattern |
Question 17
The repetition of a previous study using a different sample or population to verify or refute the original findings is referred to as:
[removed] | Verification | |
[removed] | Replication | |
[removed] | Validation | |
[removed] | Reliability |
Question 18
A culture that exists together with a dominant culture but differs from it in some important respects is referred to as:
[removed] | Ethnicity | |
[removed] | Subculture | |
[removed] | Counterculture | |
[removed] | Subgroup |
Question 19
The ability of a local culture to absorb outside influences that fit in and enrich their culture while resisting those that are alien is known as:
[removed] | Staying power | |
[removed] | Grobalization | |
[removed] | Glocalization | |
[removed] | Globalization |
Question 20
The beliefs, norms, behaviors, and products common to the members of a particular group are referred to as:
[removed] | Ethnicity | |
[removed] | Culture | |
[removed] | Society | |
[removed] | Class |
Question 21
Powerful mores, the violation of which is considered serious and even unthinkable, are referred to as:
[removed] | Criminal laws | |
[removed] | Commandments | |
[removed] | Taboos | |
[removed] | Fundamental values |
Question 22
Cultural representations of social realities are referred to as:
[removed] | Images | |
[removed] | Symbols | |
[removed] | Trademarks | |
[removed] | Ethnographies |
Question 23
The worldview whereby we judge other cultures by the standards of our own is referred to as:
[removed] | Patriotism | |
[removed] | Nationalism | |
[removed] | Ethnocentrism | |
[removed] | Multiculturalism |
Question 24
Particular ideas that people accept as true are referred to as:
[removed] | Religion | |
[removed] | Cultural norms | |
[removed] | Values | |
[removed] | Beliefs |
Question 25
Abstract and general standards in society that define ideal principles such as right and wrong are referred to as:
[removed] | Laws | |
[removed] | Public opinions | |
[removed] | Religious beliefs | |
[removed] | Values |
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